[Interview] The Six-Year Development Story of Samsung’s Incredible MICRO LED Display
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By Samsung Newsroom
Samsung Electronics has been leading display innovation for years — most notably by pioneering the world’s first commercialization of cadmium-free quantum dot materials. This groundbreaking technology has since become the cornerstone of achieving precise color reproduction and exceptional picture quality. Touted as the next-generation material, it has also drawn attention not just in the TV industry, but also in other sectors like medical devices and solar cells.
With the introduction of QLED TVs, Samsung has redefined the television landscape, integrating this innovative quantum dot technology into its products. By leveraging the properties of these ultra-fine quantum dots, QLED displays achieve a broader color gamut and higher brightness, elevating picture quality to levels that traditional LED TVs cannot match.
▲ Samsung QLED TVs offers best-in-industry picture quality, audio performance, AI features and connectivity. What sets Samsung QLED TVs apart from conventional LED TVs? Samsung Newsroom had the opportunity to meet with researchers Kevin Cha and Jang Nae-won from the Visual Display Business and disassemble a Samsung QLED TV to reveal the secrets behind its stunning performance — literally behind the screen.
1. Operating Module: The Brain of TV
1) Rear Cover
▲ The back panel protects internal components, prevents overheating, supports audio and provides convenient connectivity. The back panel of a TV serves more than just a structural frame; it protects internal components and effectively manages heat. It houses speakers for audio support and facilitates easy device connections, improving the overall user experience.
2) Main PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
▲ The main PCB handles the TV’s essential functions. The main PCB acts as the brain of the TV, overseeing functions such as power supply, remote control reception and SmartThings connectivity. This critical component controls the entire system, ensuring the television operates smoothly.
3) TV Tuner
▲ The TV tuner receives broadcast signals for display on the screen. The TV tuner is responsible for receiving and converting broadcast signals for display on the screen. The rise of streaming services and increased use of external device connections has led many users to prefer smart monitors without tuners. However, by definition, a “television” must include this component.
4) AI Processor
▲ The AI Processor manages AI features like picture and audio optimization. At the heart of the Samsung QLED TV is the Q4 AI Processor chip. This advanced component manages AI functionalities such as picture and audio optimization and AI assistants. By automatically adjusting both image and sound based on the surrounding environment, the AI processor makes the viewing experience more immersive.
5) Speakers
▲ The speakers deliver immersive sound. Speakers are more than simple output devices. With high-resolution audio and a room-filling sense of space, Samsung QLED TV speakers greatly enhance the viewing experience.
2. Panel
1) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Layer and Color Filter
▲ The liquid crystal layer and color filter control. The board attached to the bottom of this module helps light at the pixel level, creating an image. The panel’s structure comprises several intriguing components. The liquid crystal layer and color filter are essential parts of the panel’s basic structure. The liquid crystal layer controls light passage, while the color filter separates colors and creates images at a pixel level. The PCB, which is attached to the panel, precisely controls each pixel, fine-tuning the image.
2) Optical Sheet
▲ The optical sheet concentrates light from the backlight to enhance brightness. The optical sheet concentrates light from the backlight, ensuring a brighter and more uniform image across the display. By gathering light, it elevates the general brightness of the display.
3) QD (Quantum Dot) Layer
▲ The QD layer utilizes real quantum dots. The next step reveals the QD layer, perhaps the most important, core component of Samsung QLED TVs. The layer actually utilizes quantum dot materials to convert light sources. This ensures more precise and vibrant colors than conventional technologies, resulting in lifelike visuals. The QD materials in this layer are certified No-Cadmium, enabling safer quantum dot TVs that do not contain harmful substances.
4) Diffuser Plate
▲ The diffuser plate spreads light evenly across the panel. This diffuser plate scatters light emitted from the backlight and spread it evenly across the panel to eliminate excessively bright spots and maintain natural illumination.
5) Blue LED Backlight
▲ Each image shows the differences between the Samsung QLED TV (left) and a conventional LCD TV (right). Samsung QLED TVs use a bright and efficient blue LED backlight. When paired with the QD layer, this backlight produces highly pure colors and achieves greater light efficiency than traditional white LEDs in standard LCD TVs, leading to enhanced overall luminance.
3. Three Key Requirements for a Real Quantum Dot TV
▲ There are three key requirements for a real quantum dot TV. To qualify as a real quantum dot TV, three conditions must be met: the presence of a QD layer, sufficient quantum dot concentration and a blue backlight. Once a TV meets all three conditions, it can be considered a real quantum dot TV.
Samsung QLED TVs are the only models in the world to satisfy these criteria, earning the ‘Real Quantum Dot Display’ certification from TÜV Rheinland, a prominent international certification body based in Germany. This recognition underscores the excellence of Samsung’s QLED technology.
4. Striking Difference Between QLED and LCD
▲ Each picture shows the difference between the Samsung QLED TV (left) and conventional LCD TV (right). The differences between Samsung QLED and traditional LCD TVs are evident even to the naked eye, but especially striking when measured with professional tools.
▲ Samsung QLED TV Color Spectrum Graph1 For Samsung QLED TVs, the wavelengths of red, green and blue colors exhibit narrow bandwidths and distinct peaks in their emission spectrum, resulting in meticulous color representation. Viewers can see natural visuals and exceptional picture quality with rich, deep colors.
▲ Conventional LCD TV Color Spectrum Graph2 In contrast, LCD TVs without QD layers display generally lower peaks, a wider bandwidth in green as well as multiple peaks in red, hindering accurate color reproduction. To compensate, these TVs often require multiple layers for color correction, ultimately reducing light efficiency.
The in-depth teardown reveals that Samsung QLED TVs are built with sophisticated technology that goes beyond basic explanations. Every component that manages light works in harmony, culminating in breathtaking image quality. The QD layer, in particular, significantly enhances the richness and vibrancy of colors. The intricate technology behind these displays makes a substantial difference in overall picture quality.
At IFA 2025, Samsung Electronics showcased its technological prowess by establishing a “Real QLED Zone,” promoting the concept of “Buy Real, Not Fake.” Samsung QLED TVs represent the pinnacle of cutting-edge technology, pushing the boundaries of premium viewing experiences. With Samsung’s QLED TVs, viewers can truly appreciate the remarkable difference that quantum dot technology delivers.
Simulated image based on actual measurements ︎ Simulated image based on actual measurements ︎ View the full article
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By Samsung Newsroom
Samsung Electronics today announced the official launch of its Micro RGB, the world’s first display to feature a micro-scale RGB LED backlight behind a large 115-inch screen. This breakthrough display establishes a new benchmark for color accuracy, contrast and immersive viewing in the ultra-premium TV segment.
Samsung’s Micro RGB is built on Samsung’s proprietary Micro RGB Technology, which arranges individually controlled red, green and blue micro RGB LEDs — each less than 100µm in size — in an ultra-fine pattern behind the panel. Unlike conventional backlighting, the architecture enables precision control over each red, green and blue RGB LED.
“Micro RGB achieves unprecedented precision in the control of micrometer-sized RGB LEDs, raising the bar for color accuracy and contrast in consumer displays,” said Taeyong Son, Executive Vice President and Head of the R&D Team of the Visual Display (VD) Business at Samsung Electronics. “With this launch, we’re setting the standard in the large-sized, ultra-premium TV market and reinforcing our commitment to next-generation display innovation.”
Micro RGB is powered by Samsung’s Micro RGB AI engine, which uses AI processing to fully optimize both picture and sound. This advanced technology analyzes each frame in real time and automatically optimizes color output for a more lifelike and immersive picture. With this AI engine, Micro RGB Color Booster Pro recognizes scenes with dull color tones and intelligently enhances colors across all content for a more vivid and immersive viewing experience.
Additionally, Samsung’s Micro RGB features Micro RGB Precision Color, ensuring colors are delivered as intended for maximum accuracy and vividness, with precisely controlled colors that achieves 100% color coverage of BT.2020, an international standard for color accuracy established by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The display also received ‘Micro RGB Precision Color’ certification from the Verband der Elektrotechnik (VDE), a leading German electrical engineering certification institute.
With Glare Free technology, Samsung’s Micro RGB minimizes reflections, even in bright lighting conditions for a more comfortable and focused viewing experience. Apart from providing next-generation performance, Micro RGB’s super slim metal design achieves a sleek, minimalistic profile to compliment any interior.
With Samsung Vision AI integrated, Samsung’s Micro RGB brings the latest state-of-the-art AI technologies including AI picture and sound, and a smarter Bixby voice assistant, powered by generative AI, which offers a more conversational and personalized experience for TV users to get more from what they’re watching without leaving the screen.
Samsung’s Micro RGB is also secured by Samsung Knox, the industry-leading security solution designed to protect users’ sensitive personal data, and Samsung’s 7-year free Tizen OS Upgrade program, which ensures ongoing software enhancements and long-term support.
After its debut in Korea, Samsung’s Micro RGB is set to launch in the U.S., with plans for a global rollout featuring a variety of sizes to meet customer needs.
To learn more about Micro RGB, visit, www.samsung.com.
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By Samsung Newsroom
Samsung Electronics today announced that the quantum dot (QD) sheet used in its QD TVs has received certification for compliance with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive and has been verified to contain no cadmium by the global certification institute, Société Générale de Surveillance (SGS).
SGS, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, is a world-leading testing and certification body that provides services to ensure organizations meet stringent quality and safety standards across various industries, including electronic products, food and the environment.
In addition to receiving recognition from SGS for the no-cadmium technology in Samsung’s quantum dot film, the company’s compliance with the EU’s RoHS directive assures the safety of the TV viewing experience.
“Samsung’s quantum dot TVs are built on safe technology that complies with restrictions on hazardous substances while delivering unmatched picture quality,” said Taeyong Son, Executive Vice President of Visual Display Business at Samsung Electronics. “Achieving SGS certification fully validates the safety of our products. With this recognition, we are committed to continuously developing sustainable display technologies.”
Samsung began researching quantum dot technology in 2001, and its ongoing commitment to research and investment has positioned it at the forefront of innovation in the global display market.
After developing the world’s first no-cadmium quantum dot material in 2014, Samsung launched TVs that implemented the technology the following year. Since then, the company has been leading quantum dot technology through continuous technological advancements.
In particular, Samsung successfully created nanocrystal material without cadmium and has secured around 150 patents for the technology. With this extensive expertise and technological progress, the company has ushered in an era of safer quantum dot TVs made with materials that do not contain harmful substances.
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By Samsung Newsroom
Samsung Electronics today announced the integration of Eclipsa Audio — a groundbreaking 3D audio technology developed in partnership with Google — into its 2025 TV and soundbar lineup. By empowering creators to craft dynamic, immersive audio content and enabling seamless playback on Samsung TVs, Eclipsa Audio brings captivating audio and visual experiences closer to consumers than ever before.
“We are proud to lead the industry with the integration of Eclipsa Audio into our 2025 TV and soundbar lineup,” said Taeyong Son, Executive Vice President and Head of the R&D Team, Visual Display Business, Samsung Electronics. “This innovation opens new possibilities for immersive audio experiences and reinforces our commitment to shaping the future of home entertainment.”
Innovating the Home Entertainment Experience
Samsung, the global leader in the TV market for 18 consecutive years, is redefining home entertainment with the integration of Eclipsa Audio. With the largest market share over 75 inches worldwide, Samsung TVs are poised to make this groundbreaking technology accessible to more consumers than ever before.
Eclipsa Audio allows creators to adjust audio data such as the location and intensity of sounds, along with spatial reflections, to create an immersive three-dimensional sound experience.
As the first in the industry to adopt Eclipsa Audio, Samsung is integrating the technology across its 2025 TV lineup — from the Crystal UHD series to the premium flagship Neo QLED 8K models — to ensure that consumers who want to experience this advanced technology can choose from a wide range of options.
Expanding Content and Playback
Starting in 2025, creators will be able to upload videos with Eclipsa Audio tracks to YouTube. Viewers with 2025 Samsung devices will be able to watch YouTube videos with premium spatial audio when available.
To ensure consistent audio quality, Samsung and Google are working with the Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA) to create a certification program for devices using Eclipsa Audio, ensuring that consumers experience the highest standards of sound fidelity.
“We believe that Eclipsa Audio has the potential to change the way we experience sound,” said Jim Bankoski, Vice President of Engineering, Google Chrome. “We are excited to see how the creator community uses it to create new and innovative audio experiences.”
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By Samsung Newsroom
Samsung Electronics added a new dimension to cinematic storytelling with The Wall Micro LED display at this year’s world famous Venice Biennale Art Festival.
At the festival, The Wall Micro LED is showcasing director Marco Perego’s latest film Dovecote, starring Zoë Saldaña. Dovecote is a poignant film about a woman’s emotional journey as she leaves the prison and the deep bonds she formed with fellow inmates.
The screenings, scheduled until the close of the festival on November 24, take place in a unique setting at the Vatican’s official pavilion located in the Giudecca women’s prison. This venue adds layers of emotional depth to the film as it is also where the piece was filmed, heightening the themes of freedom, belonging and resilience.
▲ The Giudecca Women’s Prison, the filming location and venue for the screening of Dovecote
Unparalleled Visual Artistry With The Wall
Renowned for its celebration of artistic expression, the Venice Biennale became a stage for technological innovation with Samsung Electronics’ involvement this year. Perego’s Dovecote demanded a display capable of capturing its emotional intricacies, including the strong bonds formed between the inmates and the isolation they endure. The superior color accuracy and contrast of The Wall made it the ideal choice.
The collaboration between Perego and Samsung was a natural fit. Samsung Electronics provided advanced display technology and technical support from installation to execution, ensuring the visual depth intended by the director.
Groundbreaking Micro LED Technology Elevates Visual Art to New Heights
Samsung Electronics’ cutting-edge Micro LED technology was selected to showcase Perego’s Dovecote. The Wall’s 1.2mm pixel pitch IWA model was chosen for its ability to immerse viewers in the film’s delicate visual nuances.
▲ Film director Marco Perego viewing a screening of Dovecote
With Samsung’s The Wall, Perego was able to realize his artistic vision, presenting his film with the superior display needed to convey the precise hues and contrasts achieved during the color grading process. The immersive experience enabled by Samsung’s display technology was key to the film’s success in captivating artists, curators and art enthusiasts worldwide.
“The most important thing after you finish a film is how you show this film,” said Perego, following the premiere on August 17. “Thanks to the collaboration with Samsung, we were capable of really bringing out the right color and the right contrast to achieve the emotional impact I envisioned for the film.”
The Wall’s Micro LED technology delivers deep blacks and amazing contrast, intensifying the emotional weight of each scene while fully immersing viewers in the film’s themes and the performances of Saldaña and the cast.
▲ Samsung Electronics team alongside director Marco Perego and actor Zoë Saldaña
This collaboration stemmed from Samsung’s long-standing relationships with Hollywood industry professionals, including previous work with the Cinema LED Onyx. Originally shot at 23.98 frames per second in cinema color spaces, the teams worked together to seamlessly integrate Dovecote‘s cinematic elements with The Wall’s advanced display technology, pushing the boundaries of traditional screens.
“The Wall’s Micro LED technology resulted in a collaboration that delivered a screening with all of the elements great for the art industry,” said Paul Maloney, Head of Hardware Tech Consulting, Europe Display Office, Samsung Electronics. “For Samsung, it has been an honor to have supported Marco Perego’s film and achieve the artistic vision he had imagined.”
▲ Director Marco Perego with Paul Maloney, Head of Hardware Tech Consulting, Europe Display Office, Samsung Electronics during the Dovecote screening
“We are incredibly proud to contribute to this unique project,” said Ben Holmes, Director of Display Marketing, Europe Display Office, Samsung Electronics. “The Wall’s superior picture quality, coupled with its ability to bring out the minute details and vibrant colors, perfectly aligned with Marco Perego’s vision of creating an immersive experience to draw viewers into the themes of the film.”
Empowering Creators with Cutting-Edge Display Technology
Samsung continues to push the boundaries of display technology with The Wall, empowering creators in film and art. The Wall for Virtual Production (IVC model) is another prime example that enables companies and producers to innovate their productions. The ultra-large LED walls are created for virtual content, which seamlessly integrates real-time visual effects to reduce production time and costs.
Samsung’s The Wall displays have been utilized by artists worldwide to bring their creative visions to life. For example, contemporary Korean art leader, the late Park Seo-Bo, showcased his masterpiece on The Wall All-in-One (IAB model) 146-inch 4K screen at New York’s Rockefeller Center.
▲ Park Seo-Bo’s “Écriture” series, digitally rendered on The Wall’s 146-inch 4K screen, at the “Origin, Emergence, Return” exhibition, Rockefeller Center, New York.
Likewise, Dutch-American audiovisual artist 0010×0010 used The Wall All-in-One during an exhibition in Bangkok, Thailand, to explore the convergence of digital and physical worlds. These are just a few examples of how The Wall is helping to redefine the boundaries of modern art.
Samsung Electronics’ participation at the 60th Venice Biennale is more than just a milestone in its support of the arts; it is a testament to the future of art and technology converging. By continuing to push the limits of display technology, Samsung opens new possibilities for creators across the globe, allowing them to tell their stories with unparalleled visual depth and clarity.
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